Whether you're buying a new set of tuning pegs or simply want to learn more about how they work, I'll explain the most popular machine head types below.
Open-back & sealed tuners
Depending on whether the tuning gear is exposed or covered, it can be described as open-back or sealed. Caring for open-back tuners is easier, but they wear faster as they're exposed to dirt and dust. Lubricating them is considerably simpler and can be done without removing the pegs from their posts. Sealed tuners, on the other hand, require significantly less care and tend to last longer.
Side-mounted & inline tuners
Depending on whether there are two pairs of three tuning pegs mounted on each side of the guitar's head or a single set of six placed horizontally along it, we have side-mounted and inline tuners.
Regular & locking tuners
Design-wise, the invention of locking tuners changed the game for guitarists worldwide. These contraptions may look the same as regular tuning pegs on the outside, but they feature a simple locking pin that completely blocks all string movement.
Press-fit & screw-on tuners
Press-fit tuners, also known as push-in tuners, are inserted into the headstock without screws, relying on precise fitting and friction to stay in place. They offer a clean, streamlined look and easier installation but might be less secure over time.
Screw-on tuners, on the other hand, are attached with screws, providing a more stable and durable connection. They are less likely to shift or loosen, ensuring consistent tuning stability.
Staggered tuners
Staggered tuners are tuners that are staggered. By that I mean, the first tuner (low E string) is taller than the second tuner, the second tuner is taller than the third, etc., with the final tuner (for the top e string) being the shortest in height. They are sometimes installed on Fender-style instruments that don’t have an angled headstock to increase the string angle.